Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
Atomic,
molecular, and optical physics (AMO) is the study of matter–matter and
light–matter interactions on the scale of single atoms
and molecules. The three areas are grouped together because of their
interrelationships, the similarity of methods used, and the commonality
of their relevant energy scales. All three areas include both classical,
semi-classical and quantum treatments; they can treat their subject
from a microscopic view (in contrast to a macroscopic view).
Atomic physics
Atomic physics studies the electron shells of
atoms. Current research focuses on activities in quantum control,
cooling and trapping of atoms and ions,
low-temperature collision dynamics and the effects of electron
correlation on structure and dynamics. Atomic physics is influenced by
the nucleus (see, e.g., hyperfine splitting), but intra-nuclear
phenomena such as fission and fusion are considered part of high-energy
physics.
Molecular physics
Molecular physics focuses on multi-atomic
structures and their internal and external interactions with matter and
light. Optical physics is distinct from optics
in that it tends to focus not on the control of classical light fields
by macroscopic objects, but on the fundamental properties of optical
fields and their interactions with matter .
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